Discuss the ways in which the extract creates representations of gender and lifestyle.

Firstly as an audience we must acknowledge the themes that the scene is trying to put across and what these themes represent when concerning the characters gender and lifestyle.

The scene begins with dancing in what appears to be a living room. The use of a low angle shot shows three people sitting on a sofa. A deep focus shot is used as the woman dances in the foreground. The mise en scene reveals all of the characters in the frame wearing formal black clothes. This mimes a sense of death and ultimately connotes that the scene is set at a wake or an event related to a funeral. Malachy is shown in a two shot drinking a beer. The beer could represent Malachy’s lifestyle as if he likes to indulge in alcohol when he’s depressed or sad. Cheryl’s lifestyle however seems more positive as she is dancing. Also she is shown to be wearing something red and a very short skirt which could support her gender as a female trying to be glamorous. The deep focus shot showing her out of focus legs moving constantly across the screen may also suggest her lifestyle as being the centre of attention, which supports the idea that she’s a strong confident character. This point is also supported by her being in the centre of the crowd and master shot.

Diegetic sound is used as the music is played and a crabbing shot is used to show characters playing the instruments. The environment and characters are shown as being Irish. This is displayed through the use of Irish music and accents. There is a contrast between the jolly Irish music and dancing with the sense of death. However the scene is shown to be a celebration. The sound is also used for foreshadowing. This is shown with the entrance of Kris. Just before he enters there are quick close up cuts to show some of the shocked and ashamed faces of the characters in the room. More importantly, the music slowly changes from a high pitch to low pitch and then comes to an abrupt end. This suggests something negative has happened. Once silent, Kris is displayed in the frame. This shows Kris’ lifestyle is represented negatively within the drama and that even his presence is frowned upon.

The use of the master and crowd shot shows Kris centered in the frame. This shot is also an over the shoulder shot and could also be interpreted as a point of view shot. This helps the audience engage with the scene and finally supports the verisimilitude within the diegesis. The mise en scene shows the contrast between his white clothing and the dark clothing of all of the characters around him. The use of woman’s clothes and make-up show that he’s a cross dresser. This represents that Kris is unhappy with his gender and shows he wants to be seen and recognized as the opposite sex. When the grandmother faints, it supports the fact that his lifestyle is rejected by the characters around him. The editing also shows that the characters are against him. The use of the 180 degree rule presents Kris on the left of the frame and anybody else who talks to him on the right. This shows there is a conflict between him and everybody else.

Mercedes is shown daydreaming within the next part of the scene. This is made obvious to the audience through editing, with her thoughts fading into focus in the frame yet still blurry as if a fantasy, or possible memory. Malachy is shown with her in an intimate way, which enforces the idea that she wants a different lifestyle that somehow includes him. But a cross dissolve brings the audience back to Mercedes’ reflection. The use of a mirror could also give the impression that these are her reflections and thoughts, but also her reflection in the mirror.

Overall I think that gender and lifestyle are represented by the use of camerawork, sound and music, mise en scene and editing. However the use of stereotypes, foreshadowing and representations help to portray and enforce the ideas concerning gender and lifestyle.

Hollyoaks Essay clip - TV Drama

Sound&Music Test

How is Camerawork, editing and sound used in this clip of Heroes?

How is Camerawork, editing and sound used in this clip of Heroes?
http://www.bbc.co.uk/drama/heroes/season1/episodes/

(Episode 1: Genesis - Bottom of the page)

After watching the clip four times, I found that it was neatly split into three settings. Camerawork, editing and sound are very different within each setting. These functions are also different to represent characters and events.

To start the clip there is a use of a sting. This is also repeated at the end of the clip. It is used to introduce the programme and to create atmosphere. The sting is synchronous with the image of the image of the solar eclipse. After this, editing is used create a white flash into the next scene. Sound is used to support the editing as a sound effect is used during the fade.

Camerawork is used within this scene to show characters and give the audience a representation of them. The first shot is of Mohinder Suresh. A tracking shot is used to follow him as he moves across the frame. The music is very quiet as what he is saying is more important. The shot is slightly low angle to give the impression that he is an important person, but also done to give the audience the perspective of the students sitting in front of him. It makes the audience feel like they are one of his students which helps them to engage with the drama. The camera then shows a medium close of one of the students listening to him, to show her thoughtful expression. An eyeline match is used to introduce the character who enters the room. As the two characters engage in a dialogue, the 180 degree rule is used. This is used as the character has news that Mohinder’s father is dead. This is supported by the camerawork as there is a use of a long shot, showing both characters far apart within the frame. A close up shot of Mohinder’s face is used to show his expression of disbelief and shock. This is the last shot before another white fade, which is once again supported by a sound effect.

After the fade, a tracking shot is used to track a taxi down an alleyway. This shot is also a high angle shot which could imply somebody high up is tracking the car as if from another person’s perspective. A mobile phone is tracked as it falls and hits the ground. This is to show the speed of it falling. When the phone hits the ground, a close up is used to show it smash. This is supported by the sound as the smash is amplified. A low angel shot is used to slowly track up the side of the building revealing a character on the roof. The perspective then changes to the character on the roof and a high angel shot shows the character on the ground looking up. The camera switches between low and high angle shots as they shout to each other. Sound supports this as when looking from the top of the building, the wind is amplified to give the impression of how high up he is. A low angle long shot shows both characters, one in the foreground low down and the character on the roof in the distance. This is to emphasize the distance between them.

There camera then focuses on just peter on the roof. The use of low angel medium close up shots shows his importance. The camera cuts to a different angle over four times just to create the atmosphere. The only sound used is eerie music relating back to the sting at the start of the clip and the amplified sound of the wind blowing past him. As he starts to fall, the music becomes louder, and a shot reverse shot is used to show the character on the ground flinch as he falls towards him. Peter is shown jumping in slow motion for dramatic effect. The music is synchronous as it matches the slow motion and the pace of the editing. Just as he falls, the music changes from a higher pitch into a lower pitch, which is used to represent the event of him falling. As he falls another white fade is used as a transition into the next scene.

The next scene is filmed completely in the perspective of another camera. The camera is unstable, which helps enforce the verisimilitude of the scene. However camerawork is still apparent. Even through the view of the camera, there is still a zoom as Claire runs up the steps. Non-diegetic sound is used as the sound of birds can be heard. This is to give the impression of the setting being in a wide open, suburban location away from the city. This also gives the impression of this scene being unrelated to the others. When running over to Claire, the camera is shaking franticly. This helps represent the characters panic as he runs. Also the characters footsteps and breathing are amplified to enforce the idea of him running. Other amplified sounds include when she hits the ground and also when snapping her shoulder back into place. This is to support the idea that she is seriously hurt, although doesn’t appear to be acknowledging the pain. Finally the scene finishes by another fade being supported by the music becoming louder, then finishing with the same effect as the eclipse at the beginning of the clip.

Firstly camerawork, editing and sound are used in this clip in several ways. For example sound is mainly used to support the editing, such as the transitions into the next scene. However the sound is also used to portray the settings, such as the sound of the birds, or the wind when peter is on the roof. Secondly, editing is used to link the camerawork such as the shot reverse shot as Peter jumps from the rooftop. Finally the camerawork is used to show events such as the long shot of Claire falling from the bridge. These three functions appear to complement each other and work well together to create this clip of Heroes.

How is camerawork used in this clip of Heroes Roulette

The scene starts with a close up shot of a roulette wheel which also becomes the master shot. This then tilts and tracks to a two shot which shows the two main characters. The roulette wheel represents the idea that there may be an element of gambling involved in this scene.

There is then a low angle shot of the dealer which is to show that she is in control of the game. However this is also used to show the perspectives of the characters sitting at the table. When one of the characters concentrates, the camera zooms in on him. This is to mark his power and to show that this character is going to have some relevance to what happens next. The camera then jumps to a close up shot of his face to show his intense concentration on what he is trying to do.

When time stops there is a deep focus shot from behind the wheel. This is to help show the stopping of time. The camera then tracks the character as he walks around the table. The shot shows a lot of the setting which is to show everybody standing still in the background. This is to emphasize the special effects being used. The master shot of the roulette wheel is used again to show that he won the game.
The characters are shown in a two shot, until they begin to have disagreements. Then the shots switch to individual close ups. However when the problem is resolved, two shots are used to present the characters once again.

Camerawork is used in Heroes to represent a disagreement of characters but also to show special effects that have been used. These shots help the audience to understand what is happening and helps make the drama more realistic.

How is camerawork used in this clip of Heroes Cheerleader

Camerawork is used to give characters a certain status without the audience realizing. For example at the start of the clip, a man is introduced. There is a high angle shot that shows him lying down. As he wakes up the camera sways and moves in different directions. This is to imply that he has just woken up. However parts of the shot are blurred. This is to give the impression that he may be under some drug influence. The camera being unstable could also suggest an idea of mystery.

The clip then cuts to a girl. This is a high angle shot of her sitting on the steps. This represents her superiority, but also that she could be seen as a threat. The angle also may suggest her power and that she is in complete control. When she walks away with the other man there is a high angle long shot which shows how empty and desolate the setting is.

When in the car there is a series of two shots while they are talking. However when they start to disagree and become involved in a dispute, the shots change to close ups of each character. This is to show their disagreement and to enforce the idea that both characters have different views. A profile shot is used of the girl to show her cold facial expression as the other man is talking. This also gives the audience the idea that she may be a possible threat as she is so calm.

As the car speeds up the camera tracks the car as it travels. Then there is a quick close up shot that shows a wall.

How is camerawork used in this excerpt of Shameless

The TV Drama 'Shameless' uses many different conventions of film language such as shot types, sound, framing, editing and more. However shot types are vital in this excerpt as they convey important but subtle emotions or events that need to be brought to the audience’s attention.
The first scene is a two shot however the character in the background is out of focus. This is to show that the character in the foreground is more important and is going to be more significant in what is going to happen. The character is then seen to be isolated in a room. This is a high angel shot that depicts his inferiority. The camera also jumps to a medium close up shot that expresses his emotion. In this case the emotion is of anger and frustration, which is made clear by his facial expressions.
The next scene starts with a long shot that tracks a car. This implies that the characters in the car will be of some important. Also the long shot shows the setting of the street. The street is completely deserted which could imply how late at night it is. There is also a static shot at the top of the stairs in the house as the character leaves the room. This is to give the impression of speed and urgency. As the character walks towards the car, the camera tilts down to reveal a can of petrol. This also represents an imminent threat. The camera then jumps to a low angel shot which just shows the characters feet walking towards the car. This puts the audience in the perspective of the couple in the car and enforces the idea of danger.
When the character is pouring petrol over the car, the camera jumps about and looks unstable. This is to represent how unstable the characters mentality is and how unpredictable his actions may be. The lighter is almost constantly in the picture, but out of focus. This is to represent the constant threat. The camera also keeps changing back to the master shot, which shows what everybody is doing. There is also a vast amount of over the shoulder shots as the characters talk to each other. This is to help the audience empathize with the characters and what’s going on. Eventually as the tension reaches its peak, there is an extreme close up of the lighter. This is to show that this item is the main subject of the buildup. The camera also takes a close up shot of the cigarette to imply that it will be significant and so that the audience’s attention is brought to it. Finally the pans around when the character looks at his car. The camera follows what he is looking at. This is so that you can know what the character is thinking as you are looking at the same thing.
Camera shots are used to keep the audience’s attention on what needs to be noticed. Also shot types are used to portray different emotions and feelings that the characters may have. When put together the different shots can create a buildup without the audience noticing.

Coronation Street Deconstuction

Camera shots
- close up shots - dialogue
- panning - looking for phone
- eye level shots - empathy / can relate to

Editing
- medium to close up - importance of phone call

Sound
- ambient - traffic
- louder sound of window cleaners

Mise en scene
- phone
- morning
- David - smart Girl - Work clothes
- living room - ordinary items
- Sean camp stereotype

Representation
- David being smart shows his confidence over the girl in the work clothes.
- Sean waring a vibrant orange top represents his character.
- Sound of traffic gives a sense of reality (verisimilitude)

Ingredients to TVDs

What makes all of the TVD list fit within the TV Drama genre?

// Characters // 

Characters are usually easily identifiable and often represent a stereotypical persona which is presented through the media language. Characters can also be seen as 'simple'.

// Stories //

Every drama in my list is telling a story. Often they follow themes that are in everyday life so that the audience can relate to experiences and can have empathy with the characters. 

The stories are also told in a setting with familiar backdrops. The stories usually have a happy ending. However sometimes the use of equilibrium and disequilibrium can be used to keep the audience interested and engaged.

// Sound //

Music is often used to reflect the mood of what is going on. Also ambient sounds are used to emphasize certain settings or events tat take place.

List of TVDs

Hollyoaks

Eastenders

Doctor Who

Spooks

Coronation Street

Skins

Heroes

Sex and the city

Friends

Scrubs

House

ER

My Family

Vicar of Dibley

Shameless

Desperate Housewives

Lost

Reaper

24

Media Concepts

Media Language:

- Framing

- Editing

- Mise en Scene

- Lighting

- Acting

- Sound

- Shot Types

Convention - Ingredients and how the effects make the genre.

Signification - Everything has a meaning. Assume all signs are interpreted in the sam way.

Representation - How things want to be seen. Such as a 'front' or a 'facade' that presents something in a different way.

Audiences - Media creates audience, or vice versa. Who you are targeting.

Introduction

This Blog is going to containing information and analysis of a TV Drama (TVD).

The Drama i have chosen is "24".

I will be looking at how different film language helps portray certain themes, characters and stories within this TVD.